diff --git a/src/memory/qmd-manager.ts b/src/memory/qmd-manager.ts
index 0c7a2185f..7efe8f10a 100644
--- a/src/memory/qmd-manager.ts
+++ b/src/memory/qmd-manager.ts
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import { spawn } from "node:child_process";
 import fs from "node:fs/promises";
 import os from "node:os";
 import path from "node:path";
@@ -8,11 +7,12 @@ import type { OpenClawConfig } from "../config/config.js";
 import { resolveStateDir } from "../config/paths.js";
 import { writeFileWithinRoot } from "../infra/fs-safe.js";
 import { createSubsystemLogger } from "../logging/subsystem.js";
-import {
-  materializeWindowsSpawnProgram,
-  resolveWindowsSpawnProgram,
-} from "../plugin-sdk/windows-spawn.js";
 import { isFileMissingError, statRegularFile } from "./fs-utils.js";
+import {
+  isWindowsCommandShimEinval,
+  resolveCliSpawnInvocation,
+  runCliCommand,
+} from "./qmd-process.js";
 import { deriveQmdScopeChannel, deriveQmdScopeChatType, isQmdScopeAllowed } from "./qmd-scope.js";
 import {
   listSessionFilesForAgent,
@@ -51,53 +51,6 @@ const QMD_BM25_HAN_KEYWORD_LIMIT = 12;
 
 let qmdEmbedQueueTail: Promise<void> = Promise.resolve();
 
-function resolveWindowsCommandShim(command: string): string {
-  if (process.platform !== "win32") {
-    return command;
-  }
-  const trimmed = command.trim();
-  if (!trimmed) {
-    return command;
-  }
-  const ext = path.extname(trimmed).toLowerCase();
-  if (ext === ".cmd" || ext === ".exe" || ext === ".bat") {
-    return command;
-  }
-  const base = path.basename(trimmed).toLowerCase();
-  if (base === "qmd" || base === "mcporter") {
-    return `${trimmed}.cmd`;
-  }
-  return command;
-}
-
-function resolveSpawnInvocation(params: {
-  command: string;
-  args: string[];
-  env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv;
-  packageName: string;
-}) {
-  const program = resolveWindowsSpawnProgram({
-    command: resolveWindowsCommandShim(params.command),
-    platform: process.platform,
-    env: params.env,
-    execPath: process.execPath,
-    packageName: params.packageName,
-    allowShellFallback: true,
-  });
-  return materializeWindowsSpawnProgram(program, params.args);
-}
-
-function isWindowsCmdSpawnEinval(err: unknown, command: string): boolean {
-  if (process.platform !== "win32") {
-    return false;
-  }
-  const errno = err as NodeJS.ErrnoException | undefined;
-  if (errno?.code !== "EINVAL") {
-    return false;
-  }
-  return /(^|[\\/])mcporter\.cmd$/i.test(command);
-}
-
 function hasHanScript(value: string): boolean {
   return HAN_SCRIPT_RE.test(value);
 }
@@ -1235,70 +1188,20 @@ export class QmdMemoryManager implements MemorySearchManager {
     args: string[],
     opts?: { timeoutMs?: number; discardOutput?: boolean },
   ): Promise<{ stdout: string; stderr: string }> {
-    return await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-      const spawnInvocation = resolveSpawnInvocation({
+    return await runCliCommand({
+      commandSummary: `qmd ${args.join(" ")}`,
+      spawnInvocation: resolveCliSpawnInvocation({
         command: this.qmd.command,
         args,
         env: this.env,
         packageName: "qmd",
-      });
-      const child = spawn(spawnInvocation.command, spawnInvocation.argv, {
-        env: this.env,
-        cwd: this.workspaceDir,
-        shell: spawnInvocation.shell,
-        windowsHide: spawnInvocation.windowsHide,
-      });
-      let stdout = "";
-      let stderr = "";
-      let stdoutTruncated = false;
-      let stderrTruncated = false;
-      // When discardOutput is set, skip stdout accumulation entirely and keep
-      // only a small stderr tail for diagnostics -- never fail on truncation.
-      // This prevents large `qmd update` runs from hitting the output cap.
-      const discard = opts?.discardOutput === true;
-      const timer = opts?.timeoutMs
-        ? setTimeout(() => {
-            child.kill("SIGKILL");
-            reject(new Error(`qmd ${args.join(" ")} timed out after ${opts.timeoutMs}ms`));
-          }, opts.timeoutMs)
-        : null;
-      child.stdout.on("data", (data) => {
-        if (discard) {
-          return; // drain without accumulating
-        }
-        const next = appendOutputWithCap(stdout, data.toString("utf8"), this.maxQmdOutputChars);
-        stdout = next.text;
-        stdoutTruncated = stdoutTruncated || next.truncated;
-      });
-      child.stderr.on("data", (data) => {
-        const next = appendOutputWithCap(stderr, data.toString("utf8"), this.maxQmdOutputChars);
-        stderr = next.text;
-        stderrTruncated = stderrTruncated || next.truncated;
-      });
-      child.on("error", (err) => {
-        if (timer) {
-          clearTimeout(timer);
-        }
-        reject(err);
-      });
-      child.on("close", (code) => {
-        if (timer) {
-          clearTimeout(timer);
-        }
-        if (!discard && (stdoutTruncated || stderrTruncated)) {
-          reject(
-            new Error(
-              `qmd ${args.join(" ")} produced too much output (limit ${this.maxQmdOutputChars} chars)`,
-            ),
-          );
-          return;
-        }
-        if (code === 0) {
-          resolve({ stdout, stderr });
-        } else {
-          reject(new Error(`qmd ${args.join(" ")} failed (code ${code}): ${stderr || stdout}`));
-        }
-      });
+      }),
+      env: this.env,
+      cwd: this.workspaceDir,
+      timeoutMs: opts?.timeoutMs,
+      maxOutputChars: this.maxQmdOutputChars,
+      // Large `qmd update` runs can easily exceed the output cap; keep only stderr.
+      discardStdout: opts?.discardOutput,
     });
   }
 
@@ -1347,62 +1250,17 @@ export class QmdMemoryManager implements MemorySearchManager {
       shell?: boolean;
       windowsHide?: boolean;
     }): Promise<{ stdout: string; stderr: string }> =>
-      await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
-        const commandSummary = `${spawnInvocation.command} ${spawnInvocation.argv.join(" ")}`;
-        const child = spawn(spawnInvocation.command, spawnInvocation.argv, {
-          // Keep mcporter and direct qmd commands on the same agent-scoped XDG state.
-          env: this.env,
-          cwd: this.workspaceDir,
-          shell: spawnInvocation.shell,
-          windowsHide: spawnInvocation.windowsHide,
-        });
-        let stdout = "";
-        let stderr = "";
-        let stdoutTruncated = false;
-        let stderrTruncated = false;
-        const timer = opts?.timeoutMs
-          ? setTimeout(() => {
-              child.kill("SIGKILL");
-              reject(new Error(`mcporter ${args.join(" ")} timed out after ${opts.timeoutMs}ms`));
-            }, opts.timeoutMs)
-          : null;
-        child.stdout.on("data", (data) => {
-          const next = appendOutputWithCap(stdout, data.toString("utf8"), this.maxQmdOutputChars);
-          stdout = next.text;
-          stdoutTruncated = stdoutTruncated || next.truncated;
-        });
-        child.stderr.on("data", (data) => {
-          const next = appendOutputWithCap(stderr, data.toString("utf8"), this.maxQmdOutputChars);
-          stderr = next.text;
-          stderrTruncated = stderrTruncated || next.truncated;
-        });
-        child.on("error", (err) => {
-          if (timer) {
-            clearTimeout(timer);
-          }
-          reject(err);
-        });
-        child.on("close", (code) => {
-          if (timer) {
-            clearTimeout(timer);
-          }
-          if (stdoutTruncated || stderrTruncated) {
-            reject(
-              new Error(
-                `mcporter ${args.join(" ")} produced too much output (limit ${this.maxQmdOutputChars} chars)`,
-              ),
-            );
-            return;
-          }
-          if (code === 0) {
-            resolve({ stdout, stderr });
-          } else {
-            reject(new Error(`${commandSummary} failed (code ${code}): ${stderr || stdout}`));
-          }
-        });
+      await runCliCommand({
+        commandSummary: `${spawnInvocation.command} ${spawnInvocation.argv.join(" ")}`,
+        spawnInvocation,
+        // Keep mcporter and direct qmd commands on the same agent-scoped XDG state.
+        env: this.env,
+        cwd: this.workspaceDir,
+        timeoutMs: opts?.timeoutMs,
+        maxOutputChars: this.maxQmdOutputChars,
       });
 
-    const primaryInvocation = resolveSpawnInvocation({
+    const primaryInvocation = resolveCliSpawnInvocation({
       command: "mcporter",
       args,
       env: this.env,
@@ -1411,7 +1269,13 @@ export class QmdMemoryManager implements MemorySearchManager {
     try {
       return await runWithInvocation(primaryInvocation);
     } catch (err) {
-      if (!isWindowsCmdSpawnEinval(err, primaryInvocation.command)) {
+      if (
+        !isWindowsCommandShimEinval({
+          err,
+          command: primaryInvocation.command,
+          commandBase: "mcporter",
+        })
+      ) {
         throw err;
       }
       // Some Windows npm cmd shims can still throw EINVAL on spawn; retry through
@@ -2232,15 +2096,3 @@ export class QmdMemoryManager implements MemorySearchManager {
     return [command, normalizedQuery, "--json", "-n", String(limit)];
   }
 }
-
-function appendOutputWithCap(
-  current: string,
-  chunk: string,
-  maxChars: number,
-): { text: string; truncated: boolean } {
-  const appended = current + chunk;
-  if (appended.length <= maxChars) {
-    return { text: appended, truncated: false };
-  }
-  return { text: appended.slice(-maxChars), truncated: true };
-}
diff --git a/src/memory/qmd-process.ts b/src/memory/qmd-process.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..7c0b1a6c3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/memory/qmd-process.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+import { spawn } from "node:child_process";
+import path from "node:path";
+import {
+  materializeWindowsSpawnProgram,
+  resolveWindowsSpawnProgram,
+} from "../plugin-sdk/windows-spawn.js";
+
+export type CliSpawnInvocation = {
+  command: string;
+  argv: string[];
+  shell?: boolean;
+  windowsHide?: boolean;
+};
+
+function resolveWindowsCommandShim(command: string): string {
+  if (process.platform !== "win32") {
+    return command;
+  }
+  const trimmed = command.trim();
+  if (!trimmed) {
+    return command;
+  }
+  const ext = path.extname(trimmed).toLowerCase();
+  if (ext === ".cmd" || ext === ".exe" || ext === ".bat") {
+    return command;
+  }
+  const base = path.basename(trimmed).toLowerCase();
+  if (base === "qmd" || base === "mcporter") {
+    return `${trimmed}.cmd`;
+  }
+  return command;
+}
+
+export function resolveCliSpawnInvocation(params: {
+  command: string;
+  args: string[];
+  env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv;
+  packageName: string;
+}): CliSpawnInvocation {
+  const program = resolveWindowsSpawnProgram({
+    command: resolveWindowsCommandShim(params.command),
+    platform: process.platform,
+    env: params.env,
+    execPath: process.execPath,
+    packageName: params.packageName,
+    allowShellFallback: true,
+  });
+  return materializeWindowsSpawnProgram(program, params.args);
+}
+
+export function isWindowsCommandShimEinval(params: {
+  err: unknown;
+  command: string;
+  commandBase: string;
+}): boolean {
+  if (process.platform !== "win32") {
+    return false;
+  }
+  const errno = params.err as NodeJS.ErrnoException | undefined;
+  if (errno?.code !== "EINVAL") {
+    return false;
+  }
+  const escapedBase = params.commandBase.replace(/[.*+?^${}()|[\]\\]/g, "\\$&");
+  return new RegExp(`(^|[\\\\/])${escapedBase}\\.cmd$`, "i").test(params.command);
+}
+
+export async function runCliCommand(params: {
+  commandSummary: string;
+  spawnInvocation: CliSpawnInvocation;
+  env: NodeJS.ProcessEnv;
+  cwd: string;
+  timeoutMs?: number;
+  maxOutputChars: number;
+  discardStdout?: boolean;
+}): Promise<{ stdout: string; stderr: string }> {
+  return await new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const child = spawn(params.spawnInvocation.command, params.spawnInvocation.argv, {
+      env: params.env,
+      cwd: params.cwd,
+      shell: params.spawnInvocation.shell,
+      windowsHide: params.spawnInvocation.windowsHide,
+    });
+    let stdout = "";
+    let stderr = "";
+    let stdoutTruncated = false;
+    let stderrTruncated = false;
+    const discardStdout = params.discardStdout === true;
+    const timer = params.timeoutMs
+      ? setTimeout(() => {
+          child.kill("SIGKILL");
+          reject(new Error(`${params.commandSummary} timed out after ${params.timeoutMs}ms`));
+        }, params.timeoutMs)
+      : null;
+    child.stdout.on("data", (data) => {
+      if (discardStdout) {
+        return;
+      }
+      const next = appendOutputWithCap(stdout, data.toString("utf8"), params.maxOutputChars);
+      stdout = next.text;
+      stdoutTruncated = stdoutTruncated || next.truncated;
+    });
+    child.stderr.on("data", (data) => {
+      const next = appendOutputWithCap(stderr, data.toString("utf8"), params.maxOutputChars);
+      stderr = next.text;
+      stderrTruncated = stderrTruncated || next.truncated;
+    });
+    child.on("error", (err) => {
+      if (timer) {
+        clearTimeout(timer);
+      }
+      reject(err);
+    });
+    child.on("close", (code) => {
+      if (timer) {
+        clearTimeout(timer);
+      }
+      if (!discardStdout && (stdoutTruncated || stderrTruncated)) {
+        reject(
+          new Error(
+            `${params.commandSummary} produced too much output (limit ${params.maxOutputChars} chars)`,
+          ),
+        );
+        return;
+      }
+      if (code === 0) {
+        resolve({ stdout, stderr });
+      } else {
+        reject(new Error(`${params.commandSummary} failed (code ${code}): ${stderr || stdout}`));
+      }
+    });
+  });
+}
+
+function appendOutputWithCap(
+  current: string,
+  chunk: string,
+  maxChars: number,
+): { text: string; truncated: boolean } {
+  const appended = current + chunk;
+  if (appended.length <= maxChars) {
+    return { text: appended, truncated: false };
+  }
+  return { text: appended.slice(-maxChars), truncated: true };
+}